206 lines
8.2 KiB
Markdown
206 lines
8.2 KiB
Markdown
# Message retention policies
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Synapse admins can enable support for message retention policies on
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their homeserver. Message retention policies exist at a room level,
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follow the semantics described in
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[MSC1763](https://github.com/matrix-org/matrix-doc/blob/matthew/msc1763/proposals/1763-configurable-retention-periods.md),
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and allow server and room admins to configure how long messages should
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be kept in a homeserver's database before being purged from it.
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**Please note that, as this feature isn't part of the Matrix
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specification yet, this implementation is to be considered as
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experimental.**
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A message retention policy is mainly defined by its `max_lifetime`
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parameter, which defines how long a message can be kept around after
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it was sent to the room. If a room doesn't have a message retention
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policy, and there's no default one for a given server, then no message
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sent in that room is ever purged on that server.
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MSC1763 also specifies semantics for a `min_lifetime` parameter which
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defines the amount of time after which an event _can_ get purged (after
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it was sent to the room), but Synapse doesn't currently support it
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beyond registering it.
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Both `max_lifetime` and `min_lifetime` are optional parameters.
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Note that message retention policies don't apply to state events.
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Once an event reaches its expiry date (defined as the time it was sent
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plus the value for `max_lifetime` in the room), two things happen:
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* Synapse stops serving the event to clients via any endpoint.
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* The message gets picked up by the next purge job (see the "Purge jobs"
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section) and is removed from Synapse's database.
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Since purge jobs don't run continuously, this means that an event might
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stay in a server's database for longer than the value for `max_lifetime`
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in the room would allow, though hidden from clients.
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Similarly, if a server (with support for message retention policies
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enabled) receives from another server an event that should have been
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purged according to its room's policy, then the receiving server will
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process and store that event until it's picked up by the next purge job,
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though it will always hide it from clients.
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Synapse requires at least one message in each room, so it will never
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delete the last message in a room. It will, however, hide it from
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clients.
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## Server configuration
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Support for this feature can be enabled and configured by adding a the
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`retention` in the Synapse configuration file (see
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[configuration manual](usage/configuration/config_documentation.md#retention)).
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To enable support for message retention policies, set the setting
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`enabled` in this section to `true`.
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### Default policy
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A default message retention policy is a policy defined in Synapse's
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configuration that is used by Synapse for every room that doesn't have a
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message retention policy configured in its state. This allows server
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admins to ensure that messages are never kept indefinitely in a server's
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database.
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A default policy can be defined as such, by adding the `retention` option in
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the configuration file and adding these sub-options:
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```yaml
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default_policy:
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min_lifetime: 1d
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max_lifetime: 1y
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```
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Here, `min_lifetime` and `max_lifetime` have the same meaning and level
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of support as previously described. They can be expressed either as a
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duration (using the units `s` (seconds), `m` (minutes), `h` (hours),
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`d` (days), `w` (weeks) and `y` (years)) or as a number of milliseconds.
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### Purge jobs
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Purge jobs are the jobs that Synapse runs in the background to purge
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expired events from the database. They are only run if support for
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message retention policies is enabled in the server's configuration. If
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no configuration for purge jobs is configured by the server admin,
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Synapse will use a default configuration, which is described here in the
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[configuration manual](usage/configuration/config_documentation.md#retention).
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Some server admins might want a finer control on when events are removed
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depending on an event's room's policy. This can be done by setting the
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`purge_jobs` sub-section in the `retention` section of the configuration
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file. An example of such configuration could be:
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```yaml
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purge_jobs:
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- longest_max_lifetime: 3d
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interval: 12h
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- shortest_max_lifetime: 3d
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longest_max_lifetime: 1w
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interval: 1d
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- shortest_max_lifetime: 1w
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interval: 2d
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```
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In this example, we define three jobs:
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* one that runs twice a day (every 12 hours) and purges events in rooms
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which policy's `max_lifetime` is lower or equal to 3 days.
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* one that runs once a day and purges events in rooms which policy's
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`max_lifetime` is between 3 days and a week.
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* one that runs once every 2 days and purges events in rooms which
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policy's `max_lifetime` is greater than a week.
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Note that this example is tailored to show different configurations and
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features slightly more jobs than it's probably necessary (in practice, a
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server admin would probably consider it better to replace the two last
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jobs with one that runs once a day and handles rooms which
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policy's `max_lifetime` is greater than 3 days).
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Keep in mind, when configuring these jobs, that a purge job can become
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quite heavy on the server if it targets many rooms, therefore prefer
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having jobs with a low interval that target a limited set of rooms. Also
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make sure to include a job with no minimum and one with no maximum to
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make sure your configuration handles every policy.
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As previously mentioned in this documentation, while a purge job that
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runs e.g. every day means that an expired event might stay in the
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database for up to a day after its expiry, Synapse hides expired events
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from clients as soon as they expire, so the event is not visible to
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local users between its expiry date and the moment it gets purged from
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the server's database.
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### Lifetime limits
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Server admins can set limits on the values of `max_lifetime` to use when
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purging old events in a room. These limits can be defined under the
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`retention` option in the configuration file:
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```yaml
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allowed_lifetime_min: 1d
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allowed_lifetime_max: 1y
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```
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The limits are considered when running purge jobs. If necessary, the
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effective value of `max_lifetime` will be brought between
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`allowed_lifetime_min` and `allowed_lifetime_max` (inclusive).
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This means that, if the value of `max_lifetime` defined in the room's state
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is lower than `allowed_lifetime_min`, the value of `allowed_lifetime_min`
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will be used instead. Likewise, if the value of `max_lifetime` is higher
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than `allowed_lifetime_max`, the value of `allowed_lifetime_max` will be
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used instead.
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In the example above, we ensure Synapse never deletes events that are less
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than one day old, and that it always deletes events that are over a year
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old.
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If a default policy is set, and its `max_lifetime` value is lower than
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`allowed_lifetime_min` or higher than `allowed_lifetime_max`, the same
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process applies.
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Both parameters are optional; if one is omitted Synapse won't use it to
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adjust the effective value of `max_lifetime`.
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Like other settings in this section, these parameters can be expressed
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either as a duration or as a number of milliseconds.
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## Room configuration
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To configure a room's message retention policy, a room's admin or
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moderator needs to send a state event in that room with the type
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`m.room.retention` and the following content:
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```json
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{
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"max_lifetime": ...
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}
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```
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In this event's content, the `max_lifetime` parameter has the same
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meaning as previously described, and needs to be expressed in
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milliseconds. The event's content can also include a `min_lifetime`
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parameter, which has the same meaning and limited support as previously
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described.
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Note that over every server in the room, only the ones with support for
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message retention policies will actually remove expired events. This
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support is currently not enabled by default in Synapse.
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## Note on reclaiming disk space
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While purge jobs actually delete data from the database, the disk space
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used by the database might not decrease immediately on the database's
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host. However, even though the database engine won't free up the disk
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space, it will start writing new data into where the purged data was.
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If you want to reclaim the freed disk space anyway and return it to the
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operating system, the server admin needs to run `VACUUM FULL;` (or
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`VACUUM;` for SQLite databases) on Synapse's database (see the related
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[PostgreSQL documentation](https://www.postgresql.org/docs/current/sql-vacuum.html)).
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